\u201cStudy without desire spoils the memory, and it retains nothing that it takes in.\u201d
\u2014 Leonardo da Vinci
Josquin De Prez \u2013 El Grillo<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Josquin De Prez wrote eighteen masses and over one-hundred Motets during\nhis life. Three of the most popular of his Motets today are \u2018El Grillo\u2019, \u2018Ave\nMaria \u2026 Virgo serena\u2019, and \u2018Benedicta es, coelorum regina\u2019. \u2018El Grillo\u2019 is\nconsidered the most popular. However, its meaning is often argued and debated.\nThis bibliography identifies different sources that help distinguish the\nmeaning of \u2018El Grillo\u2019 and shed light on it\u2019s debates.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Christopher H. Gibbs\nand Richard Taruskin. \u201cThe Oxford History of Western Music: College Edition\u201d,\nChapter 5. Eds Adams, Byron; Gooley, Dana; Holzer, Robert; Levitz, Tamara;\nLevy, Beth; Maloy, Rebecca; Moricz, Klara; Pederson, Sanna; Rothenberg, David;\nSchneider, David; Treadwell, Nina. New York: Oxford University press, Inc.,\n2013<\/p>\n\n\n\n
A comprehensive\nlook into Josquin\u2019s style of music and the different legends that are\nassociated with his music. This source also gives details concerning his career\nand personal life including a timeline and examples of his work in modern\nnotation. Give insights into how Josquin\u2019s music effected the generations after\nhim and the overall feel of his music. The different techniques he uses and\nperfects, including imitation and word-painting are exampled.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Marianne Hund and\nElders Willem. \u201cUnravelling Josquin\u2019s Quant Je Vous Voy, with a Postscript on\nEl Grillo.\u201d Early Music, vol. 41, no. 4, Nov. 2013, pp. 633\u2013644. EBSCOhost,\nlibsecure.camosun.bc.ca:2443\/login?url=https:\/\/search.ebscohost.com\/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=94394187&site=eds-live<\/p>\n\n\n\n
This source\nfocuses on the word \u2018breve\u2019 or \u2018beve\u2019 from \u2018El Grillo\u2019 for the cricket drinking\nand the controversy on how it has been translated over the years. The source\nmakes an argument against the idea that the text of this Motet was meant to\nconvey the idea that the cricket was intoxicated with alcohol or even singing\nof being intoxicated. This source uses the word \u2018beve\u2019 as the proper\ntranslation which do not keep the parallels of intoxication from being drawn. It\ndraws conclusions on the cricket consuming water rather than alcohol from the\nhistorical context as well as the typesetting reading. It also refers to the word\npainting that Josquin uses to back up it\u2019s claim on the meaning of \u2018beve\u2019 as\nnot being of alcohol. Contains a fragment of early \u2018El Grillo\u2019 notation and\nsome modern examples.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
David Fallows.\n\u201cWhat Happened to \u2018El Grillo.\u2019\u201d Early Music, no. 3, 2003, p. 391. EBSCOhost,\nlibsecure.camosun.bc.ca:2443\/login?url=https:\/\/search.ebscohost.com\/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edsjsr&AN=edsjsr.3138101&site=eds-live.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u2018El Grillo\u2019 was\ndebated for a long time as not a composition by Josquin De Prez. David Fallows\nfollows historians to find source and understanding behind \u2018El Grillo\u2019 labelled\nas Josquin De Prez\u2019s composition although under the ascription of \u2018Iosquin\nDascanio\u2019. The source shows why many historians believed that Iosquin could not\npossibly be Josquin, while proving that it is by Josquin. This source provides examples\nand much background to \u2018El Grillo\u2019 undoubtedly being a Josquin composition.\nContains an early example of \u2018El Grillo\u2019 as a whole notated piece of music and\na few fragments.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Marianne Hund. \u201cFresh Light on Josquin\nDascanio\u2019s Enigmatic \u2018El Grillo.\u2019\u201d Tijdschrift van de Koninklijke\nVereniging Voor Nederlandse Muziekgeschiedenis<\/em>, no. 1, 2006, p.\n5. EBSCOhost<\/em>,\nlibsecure.camosun.bc.ca:2443\/login?url=https:\/\/search.ebscohost.com\/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edsjsr&AN=edsjsr.20203933&site=eds-live.<\/p>\n\n\n\n An invaluable source\non the history of rewrites for \u2018El Grillo\u2019 by Josquin and understanding what\nthe composer initially conveyed. It starts with the original print by Petrucci,\nto Petrucci\u2019s reprint, all the way into the revises of modern notation. It also\ninvestigates word choice and changes within the generally accepted words of\nchoice. The word that comes under the most speculation is \u2018breve\u2019 or \u2018beve\u2019. The\nword \u2018beve\u2019 is the considered correct translation of drinking. There is an\nin-depth explanation of each change and reprint and why it was revised. Includes\nan modern notated example of \u2018El Grillo\u2019.<\/p>\n\n\n\n McDonald,\nGrantley. \u201cJosquin\u2019s Musical Cricket: El Grillo as Humanist Parody.\u201d Acta\nMusicologica, vol. 81, no. 1, May 2009, p. 39. EBSCOhost,\nlibsecure.camosun.bc.ca:2443\/login?url=https:\/\/search.ebscohost.com\/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edo&AN=43800378&site=eds-live.<\/p>\n\n\n\n An interesting\nand thought-provoking look at El Grillo as a Humanist Parody. This source\ncontradicts the others in use of word choice and translations but backs up this\ncontradiction with historical references and contexts of the time-period. Crickets\nwere often associated with erotic dialogues in Italian poetry and this source\ndraws parallels between them. It suggests that \u2018El Grillo\u2019 is a parody of a\nscene in the Hesiodic \u2018Shield of Heracles\u2019 which has erotic subtext because the\ndew is feminine \u2018beve\u2019 instead of \u2018breve\u2019.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" \u201cStudy without desire spoils the memory, and it retains nothing that it takes in.\u201d\u2014 Leonardo da Vinci Josquin De Prez \u2013 El Grillo Josquin De Prez wrote eighteen masses and over one-hundred Motets during his life. Three of the most popular of his Motets today are \u2018El Grillo\u2019, \u2018Ave Maria \u2026 Virgo serena\u2019, and \u2018Benedicta … <\/p>\n